SourceMod SM is an HL2 mod which allows you to write modifications for HalfLife 2 with the Small scripting language. Dosya boyutu 137 Mb demaps dedust2012 deairstrip. Counter Strike C4 Timer Sound' title='Counter Strike C4 Timer Sound' />W DIY Hi Fi Audio Amplifier with Protection Circuitry. Illustration image. Have you ever built a super cool Hi Fi Audio amplifier with simple components at your home If not here is your guide to do so, am pretty sure you are gonna love this. This article narrates about making your DIY high fidelity audio amplifier with output transistor protection circuitry and 2 way speaker protection circuitry. Lets discuss some striking features which might convince you to try making this amp. FEATURES OF THIS Hi Fi AUDIO AMPLIFIER Input Sensitivity 0. Vmax most phones output such a level. Input Impedance 4. R1. You can increase R1 to whatever value you wish or exclude it altogether, but i recommend you keep it at that. Most audio cards of both laptops and phones will handle such an impedance with ease. Frequency Response 1. Hz 4. 5KHz at 3d. BOutput Power 5. Wrms or 7. W musical power. Power Consumption 9. WEfficiency 5. 3Ripple Rejection 6. B a good value, which will attenuate power supply noise to a few hundred m. V. Since the amp is in class B, there will be no substantial current draw at idle state, so the 1. F capacitors will provide exquisite filtering. When signal is applied, the hum will still be so low, that it will be inaudible. THDN 0. 0. 075. W1. KHz This is the value of the power amp. Project M is a communitymade mod of Brawl inspired by Super Smash Bros. Melees gameplay designed to add rich, technical gameplay to a balanced cast of characters. The best place to get cheats, codes, cheat codes, walkthrough, guide, FAQ, unlockables, achievements, and secrets for Call Of Duty Black Ops for Xbox 360. 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The output transistors of this audio amplifier are protected from excessive current draw, as one would occur if the output is shorted out while the amp is cranked up to the max. The maximum current draw is 6. Counter Strike C4 Timer Sound' title='Counter Strike C4 Timer Sound' />Release Date September 13th, 2013 Nekros is a Warframe with powers likened to that of necromancers and dark arts practitioners, his abilities exploiting the. Adaptive Streaming Chunk Size About This mod adjusts the Streaming Chunk KBsetting based upon whether the game state is currently in the menu or ingame. A. The protection is realized by Q1. Q1. 4 and all the surrounding components in their immediate vicinity. STAGES OF Hi Fi AUDIO AMPLIFIER Power Supply Unit PSUPre Amp Circuit. Power amplifier and Protection circuit. POWER SUPPLY UNIT PSU The power supply consists of normal bridge wave rectifier. A filtering capacitors C1 and C2 was used in the circuit. The values of these C1 and C2 should be no less than 1. F3. 5V. I always prefer to use 1. F as cap value for every amp of current, this is the rule of thumb i follow. Utorrent Error Write To Disk there. It is important to connect a heat sink to the bridges, this will keep the bridge cooler than 5. Celsius at 1. 0W dissipation. PREAMP CIRCUIT Preamp circuit was built around op amp to boost the input signal. It is nothing but a non inverting amp with a closed loop gain of about 2. Variable resistor R3 is used adjust the gain of this preamp circuit. The boosted signal is then goes to the next stage Power amp and Protection circuit. POWER AMP AND PROTECTION CIRCUIT Click image to see high resolution circuit diagram. The power amplifier takes the high impedance input signal, further amplifies it and transforms it into a low impedance signal, suitable for the speaker. The output voltage offset is set by R1. R1. 4 and is currently set to 4. An input signal of 4. Vmax would be enough for the full output swing. The amplifier also incorporates two way speaker protection. One of the protections delay the speakers from enabling for 5s after the amp has been powered up. This is to negate any peaks that may strike the speaker in the first few seconds, before all the regimes have settled down. This protects the speakers,and stops a loud popping sound, when the amp is first powered up. Another protection comprises the relay, Q1. RC chain R3. 5,C9. I designed it for a relay that enables at 8. V. Any one will do, but the turn on time will vary. The second protection i came up with is quite interesting, and i personally havent seen it in any other circuits. This circuit comprises the two most right op amps they come in one package and Q2. Usually this will expose the speakers to the full voltage of one of the rails 3. V, which may be catastrophic for speakers and diode bridges. So the bottom line is that it should absolutely be avoided. How it works, you may ask. The two op amps work as comparators. One end is set at a voltage close to the rail voltage. You can choose any voltage between 2. Configuration Du Routeur Wifi D-Link'>Configuration Du Routeur Wifi D-Link. V and 2. 8V set by R3. R3. 9 and R4. 0R4. Ive chosen a voltage of around 2. V. So, since the output in a normal operation will never exceed 0. Vmax it is safe to assume, that during a normal operation, no false triggering will occur. Just in case if one of the power transistors fail, it most often becomes a short circuit. That exposes the speaker and the other input of the respectful comparator to a voltage higher than the reference voltage 2. V. This causes the op amp to trigger the Q2. C9, the capacitor that keeps the relay driving transistor on, thus cutting the connection to the speaker. This protection is very fast 5. Temperature drift compensation by Q1. R2. 2 thermistor. Both should be mounted close to the heat sink or somehow glued to it. The increasing temperature will cause the output voltage to drift around the 0. V offset, so the temperature dependence of the thermistor and the Q1. V, or will partially null this effect. Usually a little more complex system is used, but this amp is only rated 5. W, so even this will do the trick. TIPS AND RECOMMENDATIONS The most important tip i have to give you is to never exclude C6. It with conjunction with C4 are the two components that ensure the amplifier stability and keep its tendency to oscillations at bay. Use the closest matched transistors from the BCxxx in the circuit, that you can get. Just buy 4. 0 5. BC5. BC5. 60 and test them all, and choose only ones with the closest h. Fe you can get. Also use very low tolerance resistors, the 3. Since its virtually impossible to match all components i have added R1. Using it, set the offset closest to 0. V as possible. To do so, dont use a voltmeter at the output. A meter in series with the load. Once youve hit the closest you can get to 0m. A, thats your center point. The circuit is designed to only be able to handle 5. W of power. If you want to get more out of it, you will need to put another pair of the output transistors in parallel, increase the power supply rails and increase the gain of the power amp by lowering the value of R1. Keep in mind that the transistors chosen are for this voltage levels and they will not work at a differential voltage more than 8. V. The maximum voltage you can obtain is 0,7 of the Vcc, therefore the maximum power is 0,7. Vcc2Rl. You must provide a sufficient heat sink to keep the power transistors cool. Keep the thermistor and Q1. They are the temperature drift compensation components. Set the current through the power transistors to 2. A by R2. 0Set the output voltage offset to closest to 0. V you can, by R1. The diode bridges must also be mounted on sufficient heatsink to handle roughly 1. W 1. 5W of power dissipation. Use a star shaped ground layout topology for lowest hum. FIRST POWER UP INSTRUCTIONS After assembling the circuit, make sure everything is soldered correctly and add all the heat sinks. Set R2. 0 somewhere in the middle position. Add a dummy load. Just use a 1. W4ohm resistor submerged in pure water. Power it up. Set your voltmeter to the 2. V scale, and measure the voltage drop from one of the 2. Ohm resistors. Adjust R2.